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Multispectral optoelectronic system

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Aerial photography equipment and space systems for remote sensing of the Earth’s surface make it possible to solve various problems in conditions of rapidly changing optical and physical parameters and flight dynamics. Despite its advantages, aerial photography has a number of disadvantages that limit its application in real conditions: the need for a high level of technology for obtaining an aerial photograph, a relatively long period of processing photographic materials in conditions of rapidly changing man-made processes in the monitoring zone. This article discusses the urgent task of creating a multispectral optical-electronic system (complex) for remote sensing of the Earth, which allows obtaining information about the characteristics of the surface in different spectral ranges, primarily in the visible and infrared. The main advantage of multispectral optical and optical-electronic complexes is the ability to work at any time of day or night and at any time of year. The article discusses the principle of constructing aviation integrated multispectral optical- electronic systems operating at an altitude of up to the stratosphere, and its main components. From a modern perspective, the possibilities and prospects for using such systems in various fields, including monitoring and control, are shown. A structural and functional diagram of the device is proposed, including independent channels for collecting, storing and transmitting information. The functional purpose of the experimental sample is to search for and detect objects below the clouds in the infrared range. The visible range channel performs the function of orienting the operator’s visual perception in space and obtaining an image of the object. A laser communication channel is provided for transmitting the collected information. Studies of the experimental sample of the aviation two-channel optical-electronic complex, structurally implemented as an integrated technical system with independent channels and operating in the visible and infrared spectral regions, showed high accuracy and efficiency of the system. The accuracy of the stabilization system was about 7·10–9 s–1, the range in the infrared range is at least 150 km, the required exposure time is no more than 2 s. The results of the work can be used for further development and improvement of multispectral optical-electronic systems for remote sensing of the Earth.

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